Violence On Screen Essays - Animation, Television,

Brutality On Screen Over the most recent couple of years, I have seen that on screen brutality has become as basic as a Cheesesteak in Philadelphia. Individuals frequently contend that the viciousness seen on screen is affecting our way of life, yet every year the measure of watchers' increment. It appears that all together for your film or program to be fruitful it must contain savagery. As I would like to think, this consistent levitation of viciousness on screen is because of our societies' captivation by the craft of viciousness. Savagery is present in the vast majority of our societies most enjoyedfilms like Independence Day, daytime television shows, for example, Jerry Springer and even in kid's shows that have been around perpetually like Tom and Jerry. I can review when daytime syndicated programs (Donahue, Oprah) would scarcely ever have crowd input and not many specialists. My how circumstances are different. On the present television shows, for example, Jerry Springer, there is consistently a clamorous crowd part, or a crazy visitor. Just as sure as you will discover Abe Lincoln on a penny, you will see a seat fly on Jerry Springer. The Springer show was the main show to have visitors' battle ceaselessly the camera. Jerry Springers' outright lack of regard for daytime show rules mixed discussion in the media however it additionally worked up something in the public.... interest.Although Jerry Springer had conflicted with all the principles of daytime, his defiance had made his syndicated program the most watched appear in the country. At the point when the Springer show outperformed the evaluations ever most loved Oprah Whinfrey, it was restored that viciousness sells. As of late the Springer appear has quit airing its savage and genuine battles for some reasons, one being that 23% of the individuals that watched his show are younger than sixteen. In spite of the fact that Jerry Springer is a show planned for grown-ups, childrens' shows contain viciousness as well.When I was a kid, I saw nothing amiss with the Elmer Fudd chasing Rabbits or other Looney Tune characters being exploded, shot, or tossed off a precipice. Wile E. Cyote was continually being slaughtered while conspiring to get the Street Runner. The most mainstream kid's shows consistently contained brutality. Despite the fact that not the generally savage, Tom and Jerry showed the feline and mouse pursue with a little extra. There have been on many occasions I have been stuck to the TV as Tom was pounded, cut up, or choked by the clever mouse Jerry. It didn't strike me as brutality, yet it was. I watched Tom and Jerry a couple of days back, I understood that the entire show depended on Tom and Jerry attempting to execute one another. Tom attempting to execute Jerry to eat him or keep his lord and paramour glad and Jerry attempting to slaughter Tom to spare his life. There weren't a great deal of weapons utilized in Tom and Jerry aside from a couple of explosives to a great extent however never any weapons like in numerous big screen movies.Everyone wants to go out to see the film theater with their over estimated snacks and clingy floors, however what makes motion pictures sell? The movies that get the most cash-flow at the case workplaces are typically activity films that have numerous clench hand battles, explosives and enormous weapons. Freedom Day netted more at the crate workplaces than some other film ever. The motion pictures plot was run of the mill. A gathering of dauntless people endeavors to spare the earth from horrendous extraterrestrial. Will Smith clench hand battled outsiders, exploded planets and clobbered all the miscreants. The film was comprised of a visual gala of explosives, property harms, and mind boggling audio effects. Freedom Day was to Sci-Fi what Twister was to calamity films. In spite of the fact that Independence Day contained a gigantic measure of viciousness pretty much every individual in America went to see it, and adored it. Because our culture cherishes brutality on screen, it doesn't imply that we as a whole have debilitated and tormented personalities, we are not every equitable executioner in the works. Our way of life is fixated on main problems being performed . There is nothing amiss with having viciousness in films and on T.V. On the off chance that an individual needs to plunk down and watch Will Smith explode a planet and spare the world, at that point they have that right. I for one appreciate watching activity films with explosives, fistfights and demise checks at almost one hundred. I love the sentiment of leaving the performance center in wonder of what I just observed. Viciousness is separated of our way of life both on and off the screen, just we can

About Effect of Salt on Rusting

Citrus extract responds quickly with iron, however isn't itself the rusting of iron. The water in the lemon juice helps iron rust, however within the sight of air. The equivalent happens when you open jug of Coca-Cola, including citrus extract, phosphoric corrosive, carbonic corrosive and different things in the fall for the taste. Citrus extract has a bit of leeway over some different acids, since it is less destructive, not as hazardous to the earth, while staying effective, modest (yet not as modest as the old battery acid).The science is moderately straightforward, rust (iron oxide) is Solubilised by the corrosive (ammonium particle is likewise acidic) and citrate particle directions to the iron-shaping solvent iron citrate. Citrus extract has a favorable position over some different acids, since it is less destructive, not as perilous to nature, while staying effective, modest (however not as modest as the old sulfuric acid). The science is generally straightforward, rust (iron oxide) is Solubilised by the corrosive (ammonium particle is additionally acidic) and citrate particle directions to the iron-shaping solvent iron citrate.A quick, simple and safe to expel rust from your old instruments (or whatever else so far as that is concerned) is to dunk corroded parts in an answer of citrus extract. Citrus extract can be purchased at the drug store. Authoritatively it is utilized as a check of the pig!. The association of water represents the way that rusting happens significantly more quickly in clammy conditions when contrasted with a dry situation, for example, a desert. Numerous different components influence the pace of erosion. For instance the nearness of salt enormously upgrades the rusting of metals.This is because of the way that the broke up salt expands the conductivity of the watery arrangement framed at the outside of the metal and improves the pace of electrochemical consumption. This is one motivation behind why iron or steel will in general c onsume significantly more immediately when presented to salt, (for example, that used to liquefy day off ice on streets) or soggy salty air close to the sea. [pic] salt will accelerate rusting. The more salt you have the quicker increasingly extreme rusting you'll get. [pic] t will accelerate the rusting as it permits the metal to oxidize quicker [pic] the salt will accelerate the pace of rusting since it will disolve in water to turn into a frail acidic arrangement thus will cause the metal to rust more to rapidly [pic] The greater closeness to the ocean the more possibility of rusting since the air originating from the ocean contains salt. In this way, it is more secure to stay away from utilization of iron edges on windows and so forth at the hour of development or fix of your home, shopping complex if the spots is in closeness to the ocean. About Effect of Salt on Rusting Citrus extract responds quickly with iron, however isn't itself the rusting of iron. The water in the lemon juice helps iron rust, yet within the sight of air. The equivalent happens when you open jug of Coca-Cola, including citrus extract, phosphoric corrosive, carbonic corrosive and different things in the fall for the taste. Citrus extract has a favorable position over some different acids, since it is less destructive, not as hazardous to the earth, while staying productive, modest (yet not as modest as the old battery acid).The science is moderately basic, rust (iron oxide) is Solubilised by the corrosive (ammonium particle is additionally acidic) and citrate particle directions to the iron-framing solvent iron citrate. Citrus extract has a bit of leeway over some different acids, since it is less destructive, not as risky to the earth, while staying proficient, modest (yet not as modest as the old sulfuric acid). The science is moderately straightforward, rust (iron oxide) is S olubilised by the corrosive (ammonium particle is likewise acidic) and citrate particle directions to the iron-shaping solvent iron citrate.A quick, simple and safe to expel rust from your old devices (or whatever else so far as that is concerned) is to plunge corroded parts in an answer of citrus extract. Citrus extract can be purchased at the drug store. Authoritatively it is utilized as a hindrance of the pig!. The contribution of water represents the way that rusting happens substantially more quickly in soggy conditions when contrasted with a dry situation, for example, a desert. Numerous different components influence the pace of consumption. For instance the nearness of salt enormously upgrades the rusting of metals.This is because of the way that the disintegrated salt expands the conductivity of the fluid arrangement shaped at the outside of the metal and improves the pace of electrochemical consumption. This is one motivation behind why iron or steel will in general consum e substantially more immediately when presented to salt, (for example, that used to soften day off ice on streets) or wet salty air close to the sea. [pic] salt will accelerate rusting. The more salt you have the quicker progressively serious rusting you'll get. [pic] t will accelerate the rusting as it permits the metal to oxidize quicker [pic] the salt will accelerate the pace of rusting since it will disolve in water to turn into a powerless acidic arrangement thus will cause the metal to rust more to rapidly [pic] The greater closeness to the ocean the more possibility of rusting since the air originating from the ocean contains salt. Along these lines, it is more secure to maintain a strategic distance from utilization of iron casings on windows and so on at the hour of development or fix of your home, shopping complex if the spots is in nearness to the ocean.

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Never Use Etc.

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Never Use “Etc.” As a general rule, “etc.” should never appear in the text of your MBA application essays. Consider the following sentences: I helped draft prospectuses, analyze key company data, value companies, etc. I look forward to courses such as “Small Business Management,” “Leading Teams,” “Multiparty Negotiations,” etc. In the first example, “etc.” replaces information that the reader values. The reader cannot make the leap and just assume where the writer’s experiences lead and what they include. In the second example, “etc.” trivializes the school’s resources and may even suggest to the admissions committee that the applicant is just too lazy (or disinterested!) to properly do his/her research. We are at a loss to think of one instance in which “etc.” could be used appropriately in a business school essay. Very simply, ensure that your essays do  not  include this term. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Never Use “Etc.” As a general rule, “etc.” should never appear in the text of your MBA application essays. Consider the following sentences: I helped draft prospectuses, analyze key company data, value companies, etc. I look forward to courses such as “Small Business Management,” “Leading Teams,” “Multiparty Negotiations,” etc. In the first example, “etc.” replaces information that the reader values. The reader cannot make the leap and just assume where the writer’s experiences lead and what they include. In the second example, “etc.” trivializes the school’s resources and may even suggest to the admissions committee that the applicant is just too lazy or disinterested to properly do his/her research. We are at a loss to think of one instance in which “etc.” could be used appropriately in a business school essay. Very simply, ensure your essays do  not  include this term. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Never Use “Etc.” As a general rule, “etc.” should never appear in the text of your MBA application essays. Consider the following sentences: I helped draft prospectuses, analyze key company data, value companies, etc. I look forward to courses such as “Small Business Management,” “Leading Teams,” “Multiparty Negotiations,” etc. In the first example, “etc.” replaces information that the reader values. The reader cannot make the leap and just assume where the writer’s experiences lead and what they include. In the second example, “etc.” trivializes the school’s resources and may even suggest to the admissions committee that the applicant is just too lazy or disinterested to properly do his/her research. We are at a loss to think of one instance in which “etc.” could be used appropriately in a business school essay. Very simply, ensure your essays do  not  include this term. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

An Importance Of Water Protection - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1346 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Water Pollutions Essay Did you like this example? Water pollution is when any body of water is contaminated to the point that it harms living organisms or makes the water unsuitable for use. Out of the 70% of water that covers our Earth, only 2.5% of it is fresh water and sustainable for use. For the reason that only 2.5% of it is fresh, every year over three million people die prematurely from â€Å"contracting infectious diseases spread by contaminated water or having too little water for adequate hygiene† (Miller 246). Water pollution can come from two sources, point and non-point sources. A point source is a single source while non-point is larger and dispersed. Point source pollutants come from drain pipes, ditches, or sewers to a specific location such as bodies of water. A few examples would be from factories, oil tankers, and underground mines. The reason these are point sources is because these facilities release treated wastewater. Non-point source pollutants cannot be traced to a sign of release. Examples of these would include runoff of chemicals into surface water from livestock feedlots, urban streets and golf courses. As the water empties into the streams and rivers it accumulates contaminants from the sources the water ran through. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "An Importance Of Water Protection" essay for you Create order There are also many different types of pollution these include but are not limited to heat, oil, chemicals, and trash in general. The water that they use in factories is used to cool down metal and machinery. Once they release that water into a nearby stream or river, it can make some of the species vulnerable to disease. Many organisms can only live in a narrow range of temperature. Not only does an increase in temperature in water harm the aquatic life, but it also decreases the dissolved oxygen content of the water. Tanker accidents and blowouts at offshore drilling rigs are some of the reasons why our water is polluted, but it is not the main reason. Of all of the oil in the water around the world â€Å"tanker spills only account for 10%† (Denchack 16). Most oil pollutants come from urban and industrial runoff from land. Groundwater can spread contamination far from the original polluting source as it seeps into streams, lakes, and oceans. Once an aquifer becomes polluted, it can possibly be unusable for a decade or even thousands of years. Unfortunately, as a civilization, we greatly depend on the existence of these aquifers. The result from poorly managed waste is marine debris. When single use disposables are improperly managed this trash can find its way into streams, rivers, lakes, and our ocean. Waterbodies that carry trash will often end up emptying into our oceans. Trash, packaging, and improperly disposed waste from sources on land â€Å"account for 80% of the marine debris found on beaches during cleanups and surveys† (epa.gov, Sources of Aquatic Trash 2). The number one item collected from beach cleanups are cigarette butts, finding around 2,248,065. When it comes to contributors to water pollution there are multiple, but the main one is from industries. In the U.S alone, industries pollute more than two-thirds of fresh water. The main reason for this to be happening is from poorly managed guidelines and not up to date technology. There are many industries still to this day that would prefer older technology, even though it creates the most pollutants. Even though the modern-day technology is more efficient, industries do not want to pay the price for them. When we mine and drill, we make the land useless for multiple types of agricultural activities. Accidental leakage from their project can trickle down into surrounding water and then it eventually enters the ocean. All of the wastes made during their drill can increase the salt and mineral content of water, causing the pH level to rise. To prevent this, the large industries that generate a great amount of wastewater should redesign their manufacturing processes to reduce the amount of pollutants and operate their own on-site treatment systems. The treatment of industrial wastewater can be done in three phases?primary treatment that involves mechanical processes, secondary treatment by biological processes, and tertiary treatment that can be done with the help of biological, physical, and chemical processes. Through â€Å"injection wells† billions of the most hazardous wastes are injected into the ground. â€Å"In India, the water in all 22 major industrialized zones was found unfit for use.† (waterbenefitshealth.com, Causes of Water Pollution 12) In the year of 1996, the United States Environmental Protection Agency informed us that about 40% of the rivers, estuaries, and lakes that were surveyed were too polluted that their water could not be used for activities like drinking, swimming, and fishing. Within fertilizers that farmers use, there are nitrates and phosphates, these are used to make the soil nutritious. When it rains, the runoff from these chemicals can choke the life of other organisms by causing an over stimulation of growth of aquatic plants and algae. The is occurs the most in estuaries and deltas. As of now, livestock is grown in cramped conditions where the animals are fed unnatural diets and sent to slaughterhouses on a regular basis. As a result, they add to the process of agricultural pollution by way of emissions. Bacteria and parasites from these animal’s waste can get into drinking water, which can pose serious health hazards for various aquatic life and animals. When it rains, pesticides that are used on fields, roadsides, lawns, and gardens flow into the drains and eventually goes into the sewage system. From all of the chemicals within fertilizers and pesticides, after it seeps its way into the ground and eventually becoming groundwater, it ends up being our drinking water. Water utility companies in the Midwest, where farming is very popular, spend over â€Å"$400 million a year to treat water for only one chemical, atrazine.† (waterbenefitshealth.com, Causes of Water Pollution 7) Atrazine is a chemical that is used to control the growth of broadleaf weeds and grasses that interfere with the farmers crops. Another part of agriculture that effects the water is when forests are â€Å"clear-cut†. When this happens, it kills the root systems of the trees. In order to have strong ground, you must have strong roots. This being said, having weak root support system causes sediment to run into the nearest water source and contaminates our water. The sediment that is flowing into the water system is very harmful for aquatic life. There are many things we can do to help prevent water pollution, but one very important one is putting trash collecting nets at the end of drain pipes. In doing this, the net would catch 99.9% of the trash flowing through the pipes. This would help by not allowing trash to make its way into the ocean. Not having trash in our ocean would not only help it look cleaner, it would also save millions of aquatic life forms. Small things that we can do as a whole would be to not flush non-degradable products. Millions of women across the world flush their plastic tampon applicators which end up in the ocean. Mothers of all ages also believe it’s okay to flush their baby wipes down the toilet, but it’s not. These products will never break down and they will continue to harm the planet, the water, and the animals. Toxic products such as paint, oil, polishes, and products used to clean should be stored and/or disposed of properly. When cleaning your house, it is better to use non-toxic products as much as possible. You should never dispose of these products by flushing them down your toilet or draining them into the sink. Just like these toxic products, you should also dispose of your trash correctly as well. Non-degradable products such as tampons, sanitary napkins, and diapers should not be flushed down the toilet. This will cause damage to sewage treatments and they normally end up on the shores of beaches. We should try to include recycling into our daily lives as much as possible. Most likely, we will always have some degree of water pollution. However, if we value water for what it really is, we must protect it.

Medieval Art And Architecture Of The Gothic Architecture

The term Gothic comes from Giorgio Vaasari, he used the term to ridicule the medieval art and architecture. Putting the art aside, the architecture of the period was quite awesome, cathedrals stand today as a testament to this. The Gothic style was birthed in France as the Romanesque style evolved. The Saint-Denis was the first Gothic cathedral; it was designed Abbot Suger in 1144. Gothic Cathedrals were marvels in their time as they towered above the cities, they frequently reached over 150 meters tall. The Cathedrals were built with the intention of looking like a Latin cross; the two parts that make up the Latin cross are the Nave and the transept. The three elements that make Gothic cathedrals different from previous cathedrals are the Flying Buttresses, pointed arches and the ribbed vaults. Although these items are cornerstones for what Gothic stands for, the faà §ade with the three door portals, the rose window and twin towers are what characterize French Gothic cathedrals. The door portals are one of the main characteristics of the French Gothic faà §ade. The portal is part of the porch, which usually starts at the steps leading up to the cathedral. The portals of the French faà §ade are unique because of their deep recession and how ornate they are. The faà §ade (main entrance to the cathedral) of the French Gothic cathedral has three door portals, each into a different section of the cathedrals. Each portal delivered a different message with its stonework, this workShow MoreRelated Medieval Art Essay1064 Words   |  5 PagesMedieval Art In the art world, the medieval periods were traditionally though to be the unproductive phase of Europe between the decline of Rome and the Renaissance. Our modern feelings toward medieval art are far more appreciative. The main intent of Medieval art was to express Christianity which was also a common bond between a wide spread and diverse Europe. For this reason most of the art found from medieval times originated in monasteries and churches. European art during the Middle AgesRead MoreEssay on Medieval Art1111 Words   |  5 PagesIn the art world, the medieval periods were traditionally though to be the unproductive phase of Europe between the decline of Rome and the Renaissance. Our modern feelings toward medieval art are far more appreciative. The main intent of Medieval art was to express Christianity which was also a common bond between a wide spread and diverse Europe. For this reason most of the art found from medieval times originated in monasteries and churches. Euro pean art during the Middle Ages can be dividedRead MoreArchitecture: Classical Greek vs. Medieval Gothic Essays996 Words   |  4 PagesArchitecture: Classical Greek vs. Medieval Gothic Wendy DeLisio HUM_266 September 24, 2012 Taniya Hossain Architecture: Classical Greek vs. Medieval Gothic Looking at the design of different structures throughout the world, one may not realize the beauty of the art in each of them or the ideals on which they were constructed. For example the classical Greek era, 480 BCE – 330 BCE that held the ideals ofRead MoreKey Characteristics of Gothic Architecture1436 Words   |  6 Pagesarchitectural changes were necessary in the shift from Romanesque to Gothic cathedrals in Europe and what inspirational changes influenced these changes? A. Plan of Investigation This investigation’s purpose is to analyze the changes in the architectural technique of the Romanesque style of architecture and come to a conclusion as to whether the shift in technique led to the rise of the more grandiose Gothic architecture in Europe. All art is inspired and the influences that caused the change in techniqueRead MoreGothic Architecture During the Middle Ages Essays1234 Words   |  5 PagesGothic architecture a new style developing from an old style of architecture with similar characteristics and in a way different. Architects wanted to build bigger buildings with stronger walls something that could not be found elsewhere. The old buildings did not have windows they were dark places that in order to get light they needed many candles. Not even the candles could give the right amount of light the buildings needed. The middle ages architects wanted big windows on the buildings and thisRead MoreMost Memorable Works Of Architecture971 Words   |  4 Pages There have been many memorable works of architecture in ancient history. So many, in fact, that it can sometimes be pretty overwhelming. It is always interesting to think about how much these individuals of the ancient world built given how behind they were compared to our lives today. In the big scheme of things, they were actually probably better off than we are today. One of the most admired and intricate works of architecture from the medieval French era is known as the Chartres Cathedral (AKARead MoreAnalysis of the Romansque Style of Architecture1451 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Religious †¢ Fashion †¢ Literature †¢ Paradigm †¢ Science Technology †¢ Art (Music, sculpture, fine arts) †¢ Medicine †¢ Economics 7. Design Philosophy 8. Available construction materials, methods and technologies 9. Building typology 10. Movement Characteristics 11. Conclusion 12. References â€Æ' Architecture affirms the wealth and culture of a society. The Romanesque style is a little like Roman architecture. Gothic architecture structures were beautifully made and offered the light of the new worldRead MoreCultural Influence Of The Early Medieval Era1570 Words   |  7 Pagesallow for new types of artwork to be produced. Artwork during the Early Medieval era, Romanesque era, and Gothic era demonstrates how local and imported ideas intermingle to produce new things. In order to fully express the idea of cultures integrating local ideas with ideas of other cultures to form new artworks, focusing specifically on architecture will allow for the theme to be fully justified. During the dynamic Early Medieval era, which dates back to 500-1000 BCE, European identity was developedRead MoreAnalysis Of Notre Dame Cathedral1022 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Notre-Dame Cathedral on the  Ile de la Cite  in  Paris is one of the most recognised Gothic structures of medieval Europe. It is considered a fine example of new architectural strategies of the twelfth century, as well as a symbol of socio-political power of the Catholic Church within this period (Swaan, 1988). Therefore, the cathedrals design and construction highlight advances in art and building strategies throughout the history of European culture. This essay is going to discuss Notre-DameRead MoreArt and Architecture in the Middle Ages and Renaissance Essay949 Words   |  4 Pagesis most visible through art and architecture, demonstrated specifically through an emphasis on religion or classical antiquity, and humanity. During the Middle Ages, art was more religious because it had a very religious influence from the church having such great power in the community. When the Renaissance started, art became more focused on ancient Greece. The Greek influence was because sch olars were broadly studying the revival of classical antiquity. The architecture was affected in the same

Female Combat Veterans A Stratified Random Sampling...

The population of interest, based on the aforementioned research question is, female combat veterans. For the purpose of this research, this is narrowed down to female service members, more specifically of the Army, who have previously been activated in support of an operation in said combat zone. Participants must have received combat benefits, such as hostile fire pay to fall within the realm of the veteran interest group. The sampling technique in which I would utilize for this research design would be a stratified random sampling technique. In efforts to understand more of this particular research, the stratified random sampling technique will allow for sampling among a particular population, in this case female combat veterans who have endured combat operational stress. In order to create a stratified random sample, I would take the following steps: 1. Define the designated population as female combat veterans 2. The relevant stratification would be defined as gender. Gender would allow for the researcher to split up males and females in order to determine which has a higher resiliency to combat operational stress. Another relevant stratification could potentially be defined as the combat operational stress exposure and levels of PTSD amongst the females. The subcategory would be the military occupational specialty served while deployed in comparison to the periodic health assessment (PHA) obtained before and after resiliency treatments were introduced. TheShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages............. 409 Random Sample ............................................................................................................................. 412 xi Sample Size ..................................................................................................................................... 416 Sample Diversity ............................................................................................................................ 418 Stratified Samples ..........

Legal Risk Management for Fagg Mitre - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLegal Risk Managementfor Fagg Mitre. Answer: The construction industry is one of the key complex industries in the world and identified industry, which involves a lot of risks. There is no single project in the construction industry which is considered to be risk free and Fagg Mitre 10 project is not an exception. Therefore, the risk management is and was a key factor which has to be involved in the construction of this project. In addition, the different risks in this industry are able to involve different personnel who are responsible in mitigating them and ensuring that the work progress moves as it was planned (Osipova Apleberger, 2007). The demand of the risk management from the different stakeholders has been able to increase over the past decade due to the increase of the risks involved. Moreover, the different risks are able to originate from the initial stages such as the pre-construction phase to the construction phase. The uncertainty of projects is one of the key area which is able to increase the risks in the cons truction industry during the different phases. According to Smith, Merna and Jobling (2006), the level of the risks in the construction industry is able to reach the highest level during the construction phase. There are several risks which are able to occur during the construction and pre-construction phases of the construction industry. This paper will analyze the different risks which are able to analyze some of these key risks and the people who are responsible to eliminating them. In addition, the paper will analyze the different identify the dispute resolution process which can be used to solve these risks between the key stakeholders who are Fagg Bros Pty Ltd, Lyon construction and P. J. O'Reilly Associate. During the pre-construction phase, there are several construction risks which are able to emerge. One of the key risk, which may emerge in this phase, is the lack of communication leading to withholding of information between the different stakeholders (Zou, Sunindijo, 2015). Proper communication between Fagg Bros Pty Ltd, who us the client, P. J. O'Reilly Associate, who is the architect and Lyon construction who is the contractor is needed. This risk may lead to lack of cooperation during the pre-construction processes and therefore hinder the progress of the projects. Moreover, the key information may mean that other stakeholders will be unable to handle their responsibilities to ensure continued progress of the projects (Edwards, 2009). The communication at this stage is a key factor to ensure that different issues of the construction project are resolved (Bunni, 2011). In order to control the risk, Fagg Bros Pty Ltd has to play a key role of ensuring different parties are able to enhance the communication and passing the key information. Fagg Bros Pty Ltd has the main powers at this stage to choose the different stakeholders who will be able to coordinate and ensure that these issues do not arise due to miscommunication. In addition, Fagg Bros Pty Ltd is able to ensure that none of the parties is able to withhold which is key for the construction industry (Canada Mortgage And Housing Corporation, Marsh (FIRM), 2005). In terms of solving the risk, Fagg Bros Pty Ltd is able to have meeting with the concerned parties and therefore instruct them to release the information to other parties. Fagg Bros Pty Ltd can call all the parties and offer the instructions on resolving the issue. Fagg Bros Pty Ltd will ensure that he or she is able to instruct the parties on the mode of communication and what to pass to other stakeholders. Another key risk, which can be experienced at this stage, is the design changes by the Fagg Bros Pty Ltd or P. J. O'Reilly Associate. The changes in the design may cause some key difficulties for other parties and lead to step back of the planning of the construction phase (Bunni, 2011). The changes risk is able to affect the progress of other parties in the construction industry and this is able to enhance the lack of continued working. The change risk is real when Fagg Bros Pty Ltd needs to have different design aspects and this is able to cause the risk of withholding the construction and design. Moreover, Fagg Bros Pty Ltd and P. J. O'Reilly Associate, can solve this risk. In cooperation of the design parameters which Fagg Bros Pty Ltd need will be able to resolve the risk and enhance the construction (Engineers, 2006). Quick in cooperation of these changes will be the key way to ensure that the different aspects are able to change and enhance the continued construction process . The key process, which may take place in order to risk this risk, may start with Fagg Bros Pty Ltd. Fagg Bros Pty Ltd may instruct P. J. O'Reilly Associate to in cooperate the design changes in his designs (Zou, Sunindijo, 2015). Then P. J. O'Reilly Associate will be able to forward the changes to the engineers for him to in cooperate the same changes in his designs. The engineer and P. J. O'Reilly Associate will be able to resolve the design parameters and then update the other stakeholders concerning the issue. Another key risk in the pre-construction phase is the existence of the variations by the Fagg Bros Pty Ltd. Fagg Bros Pty can be able to make different changes concerning the different aspects of the construction. From the size of the construction to the design aspects, the client has the power to be able to change them (Construction Industry Publications, Ltd, Construction Confederation, 1999). The changes are able to affect the plans which the other stakeholders have concerning the progress of the construction. The variation of the size for instance, may be able to change the material requirement and the tendering process requirements. This means that the choice of the relevant contractor, which is able to lie on this phase, will be affected. In addition, the client may be able to change other factors such as the financial aspects, the commencing dates among other things. These will be able to affect the execution of the pre-construction process of the construction (Ludhra, 2015). Fagg Bros Pty Ltd and the procurement departments can be able to resolve the risks concerning these changes. The major process, which can be followed, is where Fagg Bros Pty can forward the change to the respective concerned department and ensure that the change is updated. For instance, the change of the date may be forwarded to the procurement to enhance the changes in the selection of the qualified contractor. This will ensure that the other stakeholders will be able to get the required update after the respective departments are able to resolve the issues. In addition, the construction phase is couple with different construction risks. One of the key risk, which is found on this phase, is the changes in the economic factors. This is able to change the cost factors of the construction project meaning that the increase of the funding is needed (Smith, Merna Jobling, 2014). Due to these changes the Fagg's Mitre 10 redevelopment is estimated to run for a cost if between $5 million and $10 million. As the construction continues, the change in economic factor may lead to increased cost of the project. The changes in the economic factors will be able to change the cost of the different factors such as materials. The economic parameters are key essential factors, which are able to enhance the continued construction phase of the projects. The major responsible personnel to resolve this risk is the Lyon construction who is charged with the execution of the construction works (National Research Council (U.S.), 2009). Lyon construction is require d to have included the existence of such risks in his initial quotation of the price of the project. In order to resolve this risk, Lyon construction will be able to contact the main departments with his operation s and ensure that they are able to finance the additional cost on the project (Manseau Shields, 2005). Moreover, if the cost was not provided in the initial bid, Lyon construction will be able to contact Fagg Bros Pty Ltd concerning the increase. In the process, Lyon construction will be able to ask for the additional financing from the client in order to cover such increases. Another key risk, which can be found on the construction phase, is the delay in the design approval for the different construction drawings (Hughes Ferrett, 2016). The design and approval; of construction documents is a key process which the construction phase is able to depend on to enhance the success of the projects. This means that Lyon construction will be unable to continue with the construction phase without these key documents, which they are needed to enhance this phase of project. The delay in the design is a key element, which will be able to affect the construction phase. The approval of the key document is need to be timely to ensure that Lyon construction is able to commence the construction phase (Burtonshaw-Gunn, 2017). In addition, some of the documents can be signed and approved while the construction phase is in process. Failure to have these approval will mean that the contractors works will be hindered. The architect P. J. O'Reilly Associate and the engineers a re the major responsible stakeholders who have to make sure that the delivered construction documents are approved for the construction. The major channel which P. J. O'Reilly Associate and engineers are able to use will include that P. J. O'Reilly Associate and the engineers will conduct the approving authorities (Wu, 2011). After that, they will present the documents to Lyon construction and ensure that the contractors have the key approved documents, which need to be used in the construction phase. Another key risk, which is found on this phase of construction, is errors, omissions and discrepancies in the design. The design process is the key process, which is able to enhance the successful completion of the construction phase. The errors in the design means that the construction will lead to the wrong completion of the project will may lead to changes in future. This will be able to lead to additional cost after the construction due to the changes which will be required. Any discrepancies in the design are able to affect the continuous construction phase of the industry (ztas And kmen, 2005). In addition, any key omission on the design is able to mean that the construction process will be stalled. This means that the project cannot be completed with the proper design and Lyon construction work will be hindered highly (Lingard Rowlinson, 2005). The best personnel to resolve the risks, which happen in the design, are the engineers and P. J. O'Reilly Associate. These key perso nnel will be able to hold meetings together and resolve any design risks which might happened. In addition, they will be able to involve Fagg Bros Pty Ltd to ensure that he or she is aware of the construction status. After that, P. J. O'Reilly Associate and engineer will be able to call Lyon construction and update him about the changes which has been done to resolve these risks. In conclusion, the risks in the pre-construction and construction phases of a project are able to stall the successful completion of construction projects. These key risks have different people who are responsible for their resolving. The client, architects, engineer and the contractors are some of the key personnel who are responsible for resolving these risks. The key elements and risks resolving is able to enhance the continuation of the construction and completion of the construction projects. References BUNNI, N. G. (2011). Risk and insurance in construction. London, Spon Press. BURTONSHAW-GUNN, S. A. (2017). Risk and Financial Management in Construction. https://lib.myilibrary.com?id=997116. Canada Mortgage And Housing Corporation, Marsh (FIRM). (2005). Variability in construction insurance and alternative insurance solutions. [Ottawa, Ont.], Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. https://www.deslibris.ca/ID/250380. Construction industry publications, ltd, construction confederation. . (1999). Risk assessment in construction guide. Sheldon, Birmingham, Construction Industry Publications. EDWARDS, L. (2009). Practical risk management in the construction industry. London, Thomas Telford Ltd. ENGINEERS, I. O. C. (2006). Reducing Occupational Health Risks In Construction: Manage The Risks Not The Symptoms. London, Institution of Civil Engineers. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3307780. Hughes, p., ferrett, E. (2016). Introduction to health and safety in construction: for the NEBOSH national certificate in construction health and safety. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=4015309. Lingard, h., rowlinson, S. M. (2005). Occupational health and safety in construction project management. London, Spon Press. LUDHRA, S. (2015). Common sense guide to health and safety in construction. https://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781315858784. MANSEAU, A., SHIELDS, R. (2005). Building tomorrow: innovation in construction and engineering. Aldershot, Hants, England, Ashgate. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (U.S.). (2009). Construction research at NIOSH: reviews of research programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3378465. OSIPOVA, E. APLEBERGER, L. (2007), Risk management in different forms of contract and collaboration - case of Sweden. CIB World Building Congress 2007. 14-18 May 2007, Cape Town ZTAS, A. AND KMEN, O. (2005), Judgmental risk analysis process development in construction projects. Building and Environment, 40 (9), 1244-1254. SMITH, N. J., MERNA, T., JOBLING, P. (2014). Managing risk in construction projects. Smith, N.J., Merna, T. and Jobling, P. (2006): Managing risk in construction projects. Blackwell, Oxford. WU, D. D. (2011). Modeling risk management in sustainable construction. Berlin, Springer. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=646508. ZOU, P., SUNINDIJO, R. Y. (2015). Strategic safety management in construction and engineering. https://site.ebrary.com/id/11041428.

Finances and Accounting

Ayn Rand essays

Ayn Rand essays Ayn Rand was a well-known novelist and philosopher who upheld individualism over collectivism and egoism over altruism. She defended the individual over all the forces that could weaken it. Ayn wrote several popular novels. Some of which included Anthem, Fountain Head, and Atlas Shrugged. She defended her thoughts about God that lead her to believe it weakened her and led her to become an atheist (Smith, 1991, pp. 30-35). Ayn founded the philosophical movement of objectivism. This was a movement that was based on the basis of her life and her works (Smith, 1991, p. 67). Ayn Rand was born Alissa Rosenbaum on February 2, 1905 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. She was the oldest of three children who all received a quality education in different private school systems. Ayn learned how to read and write at the age of six. She was always known to express her strengths in school (Yang, 2000, pp.139-152). She was a very intelligent teenager and an asset to her peers at school. After she graduated from high school, Ayn attended the University of Arizona. She believed in her own advice and studied the impractical dimensions of history. Thus being the initiation of Ayns career as a famous novelist and philosopher. Ayns first doubt about her religious beliefs was during her high school years. It all began one day at band practice. One of Ayns fellow band members became overly excited before practice had begun. Ayn was curious to find out what had happened to her. Her friend announced that day she had found God (Erickson, 1997, pp.54-57). Ayn was happy for her friend as she sat and listened to her stories of God. But now Ayn began to wonder if she really believed in God herself (Peikoff, 1988, pp. 1-8). A few weeks after the incident occurred in band, Ayn was still confused on what her religious beliefs really were. She decided to focus more attention on several different biblical phrases. She believed it wou...

Auditing Introduction Letter to Aplollo Shoes, Inc Essay

Auditing Introduction Letter to Aplollo Shoes, Inc - Essay Example Larry Lancaster, Chairman, President and CEO Appolo Shoes, Inc 100 Shoe Plaza, Shoetown, ME 00001 RE: AUDITING AND ASSURANCE SERVICES This letter is to confirm the arrangements and understanding of the upcoming audit of your company. I will to take this opportunity to explain few points about audit and assurance services offered by the firm. The firm is proud to have been in operation for more than 15 years by providing excellent services to clients. We have qualified personnel in all departments who provide a number of services such as auditing and assurance, risk management and internal controls. The firm provides numerous auditing and assurance services which are customized according to each client needs. The objective of the audit is to provide an opinion on the fairness of the financial statements and conformity with the Generally Accepted accounting principles in the United States. Some of auditing and assurance services offered firm include but not limited to financial stateme nts audit, compliance audit and operational audit. Compliance audit will identify the level of compliance with regulations, procedures and rules while financial statements audit will determine the fairness of the financial statements. Operational audit will determine the efficiency of processes such as marketing, organizational structure and production methods (Luis, 2008). Some audit services include auditing of the historical financial statements, audit of the effective of the internal controls and systems, audit of employee benefit plans, cash flow audits, physical confirmation of inventories, direct assurance of existing of payable and receivables by direct correspondence with financial institutions and creditors, auditing of tax returns and compliance with the tax regulations, physical review of assets and properties, risk management assessment and capital adequacy audits (Manson & Gray, 2008). The audit will benefit your organization since it will give shareholders an assuranc e that the financial statements are true and fair, the audit will identify any potential weaknesses in the internal control procedures and provide appropriate recommendations (Luis, 2008). The audit will assist your organization in complying with the legal regulations and suggest measures of improving efficiency of operations through cutting costs. My role as an auditor will include detecting any misstatements in accounts receivables, sales, and cash receipts. I will evaluate the evidence on a test basis to ascertain whether the financial transactions reported in the financial statements relate to the period of reporting. It will assess whether the financial statement amounts such as revenues and expenses are correctly valued according to the accounting policies and standards (Manson & Gray, 2008). I will also review whether the amounts are appropriately described, classified and disclosed according to prevailing standards. I will detect material errors and fraud such as collusion w ith creditors and overvaluation of business assets (Luis, 2008). The audit will involve identifying weaknesses in internal control procedures and deficiencies in the design of the internal control and reporting measures. We will prepare the income tax returns with relevant schedules and recommend on measures of improving the tax reporting system. However, the responsibility of tax liability is only limited to the reporting period of the audit and does not extend to prior periods (Luis, 2008). In inventory valuation, we will identify whether

Schools and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Schools and Society - Essay Example Hiltz (1997) summarizes that: Virtual classroom students report higher subjective satisfaction than with the traditional classroom on a number of dimensions, including access to their professors and overall quality of educational experience Students perceive their learning experience to be group learning rather that individual learning and that the more they judge the experience to be collaborative, the more likely they are to judge the outcomes as superior to the traditional classroom (page 47). Instructional technologists, educational psychologists, and educators have spent much time developing strategies to use computer mediated communication as a way to enrich and empower student learning. By continuing to explore uses for older technologies and by developing plans to employ new technologies, education professionals are creating an environment where CMC tools are now simply a part of the learning space. They are tools to be used at the point of need and technologies to support multiple learning theories and styles. (Alavi, M., & Leidner, D. E. (2001 p 2). What are the social implications of CMC Does communication via a network impact how people interact with each other Does the quality of that interaction change whether we are at home, at work or at school The an

Short history of literature Essay Example for Free

Short history of literature Essay The purpose of this course is to encourage you to gain an insight into, and broad awareness of, the development of English literature from its perceived origins in the ninth century until the end of the nineteenth century. Attention will be paid not only to influential writers and movements, but to themes such as the influence of Greek mythology, religion, politics, and the rà ´le of Ireland. Some writers, poets and playwrights considered are Langland, Chaucer, Malory, Marlowe, Shakespeare, Pope, Swift, Wordsworth, Keats, Byron and Dickens. I apologise to the many superb but deceased writers whom I cannot include in this all too brief summary, and even to those whom I have included, for treating them somewhat summarily. The course takes the form of a series of lectures, which form but the tip of the iceberg, providing you with a door to your own research and study. You are encouraged to share the results of your studies, helping not only your fellow students, but the lecturer. We are, after all, in the same boat, even if I am at the helm. Evaluation will be by unseen short written essays. I shall provide some examples of examination questions at the end of this hopefully helpful guide. The course kicks off by considering English literature’s fairly late entry into the world of writing, a fact explained by the destruction of Roman Britain by barbaric German tribes, and a series of subsequent invasions that made it difficult to standardise the language and create high-level writing until the late Fourteenth Century. Naturally, once the area later to be known as England began to settle down during the reign of Alfred, priests began to translate Latin texts into Anglo-Saxon/Old English. Churchmen had an advantage, since they were literate. Gildas, born around 500, wrote The Destruction and Conquest of Britain in Latin, while Bede (who died in 735) wrote the Eclesiastical History of the English People, also in Latin. They cannot therefore be included as writers using Old English exclusively, although their works were later translated into Old English. Although the story of Beowolf is the longest known epic poem in Old English, it is a Scandinavian tale dating fro m the Eighth Century. English literature begins to define itself more clearly following the Norman invasion, which resulted in a minor transmogrification, with the importation of thousands of French words. By 1150, we can therefore identify the result, known as ‘Middle English’. Here we have two superb works, one by the poorish priest, William Langland (1332-1400), Vision of William concerning Piers the Ploughman, which is a religious journey through morality, mentioning the seven Deadly Sins of sloth, avarice, anger, gluttony, lust, envy and pride, concluding that it is better to be good than rich. In contrast, his counterpart, Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400), was well off, working in senior government and as a diplomat, going on various European trips. He is said to have met Petrarch or Boccaccio. Certainly, his renowned Canterbury Tales seems to betray elements of Boccaccio in its earthiness and methodology. He wrote several works, including Troilus and Cressida, and The Legend of Good Women. The next well-known piece of work with which we deal is Mallorys (c. 1405-1471) Morte d’Arthur, extrapolated from old French and some English tales, and written in early modern English. One can truly say that it has been impregnated in the British national consciousness. Many scholars think that Arthur was a Romanised Briton who fought against the German invaders. He probably was, but in the centuries of literary Chinese Whispers since then, the tale has probably been considerably embellished. Before now moving into the Sixteenth Century, let us mention that the invention of printing, which was taken up by William Caxton in 1476, had a big impact on literature, in that it became more widespread among the ordinary population. Edmund Spenser’s (1552-1599) Faerie Queen is an example. Notwithstanding criticism that he wrote it to gain favour with Queen Elisabeth (he was awarded some good positions), it is a thrilling piece of work, as the following shows: ‘The steely head stucke fast till in his flesh, Till with his cruell clawes he snatcht the wood, And quite asunder broke. Forth flowed fresh A gushing river of blacke goarie blood, That drowned all the land, whereon he stood; The streame thereof would drive a water-mill.’ Spenser was educated at the Merchant Taylors’ School (which my school, St. Pauls, founded in 1509, used to beat at rugger) and Cambridge, living most of his professional life in Ireland, where he was Secretary to the Lord Deputy. His home was burnt down in the 1598 rebellion, so at least some of his life was exciting. One is inclined to wonder whether the Celtic throb of Ireland influenced, and stimulated, his writing. And then of course we come to William Shakespeare (1564-1616), prolific writer of plays and sonnets, son of a dealer in gloves and wool, who had his own theatre company. He was well versed in the classics, having attended Stratford Grammar School. It was indeed the introduction of Grammar Schools during the reign of Henry VIII that had stimulated literature and learning, as well as the influence of the Renaissance, already visible in Chaucer. Consider this, from the Merchant of Venice: ‘All that glisters is not gold; Often have you heard that told: Many a man his life hath sold But my outside to behold: Gilded tombs do worms unfold.’ Shakespeare, so very influenced by classical Greece and Rome (as were many before and after) invented thousands of new words and phrases such as ‘tower of strength’ and ‘assassination’. It was not until the German Romantics elevated him to an almost godlike literary status that he was to become known world-wide. He has generated controversy as well as fame. Samuel Johnson wrote: ‘Shakespeare is so much more careful to please than to instruct that he seems to write without any moral purpose’, while the great Tolstoy wrote of ‘repulsion, weariness and bewilderment’. Strangely, no original work by Shakespeare is known to have survived. Some even think that he may not have existed. Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) is hewn from the same literary stone as Shakespeare, even having contributed to some of the latter’s plays. A sort of literary version of Caravaggio, he was stabbed to death at the age of twenty nine, not long after the issuing of an arrest warrant, possibly for blasphemy. It is possible that, had he lived longer, he would have been at least as well known as his homologue Shakespeare. Consider this, from his Dr. Faustus: ‘Was this the face that launched a thousand ships, And burnt the topless towers of Ilium? Sweet Helen, make me immortal with a kiss. Her lips suck forth my soul: see where it flies!’ It is not difficult to see why, with writers such as Marlowe and Shakespeare, the Sixteenth Century was that of the dramatists.   As we move on to the end of the Sixteenth Century and into the Seventeenth, we come to Ben Jonson (1572-1637 (not to be confused with Samuel Johnson).Although he was a pupil at Westminster School, he managed to be a bricklayer for a time, like his father, as well as a soldier. He is best known for his masques, which induced a gay atmosphere of humour, costume, dancing and music. Drama then went into decline, owing to the rise of Cromwellian Puritanism. In the meantime, the essay had begun to flourish as a literary form, in the guise of, inter alia, Francis Bacon (1561-1626), also considered to be an early empiricist philosopher. Although this senior government figure, awarded a lordship, was considered by some to be a bit of a toady, like Spenser, he really was rather good. His most famous essay is The Advancement of Learning. He seems to have believed that knowledge is power. Now we bring in Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), who studied at Oxford. His most well-known epithet is that Man’s life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short, and his ‘Leviathan’ is a good treatise on political philosophy. He has been claimed, unfortunately in my view, by many international relations theorists to have been a promoter of political realism/power politics, when in fact his main interest was in how to best run a country at national level. He was a true intellectual, translating Thucydides’ Peloponnesian Wars, and the Iliad and Odyssey. Like so many English literary people, he was almost helplessly influenced by Greece. We now come to a spot of poetry (although Shakespeare’s sonnets surely also qualify as such). Let us sum up John Donne, an ex-Roman Catholic, Cambridge man and lawyer, (1572-1631) with the following: ‘Tis time, ‘tis day; what though it be? O wilt thou therefore rise from me? Why should we rise because ‘tis light? Did we lie down because ‘twas night? Love, which in spite of darkness brought us hither, Should despite of light keep us together.’ Then along came the ‘Cavalier poets’, one of whom, Robert Herrick, wrote Counsel to Girls: ‘Gather ye rosebuds while ye may, Old time is still a-flying. And this same flower that smiles today Tomorrow will be dying.’ These gay and carefree chaps had a hard time during the Cromwellian dictatorship. Old Pauline poet John Milton (1608-1674), a Cambridge man, thrice married, torn between freedom and convention, is perhaps best known for Paradise Lost. Like many a well-heeled Englishman, he went on the ‘Grand Tour’ of Europe, even meeting Galileo. His works are clearly influenced by Greece. Like Chaucer and Spenser, he held senior positions, but was caught in the crossfire of Puritanism (he worked for Oliver Cromwell) and the Restoration. Let us sum up this sensitive and perhaps tortured man with the closing words of one of his sonnets, in which he describes a dream about one of his dead wives: ‘Her face was veil’d; yet to my fancied sight Love, sweetness, goodness, in her person shined So clear, as in no face with more delight, But oh! As to embrace me she inclined, I waked – she fled – and day brought back my night.’ He clearly loved her and missed her. You will probably have begun to see that there is often a relationship between politico-religious developments and literature. Milton, for example, was imprisoned for a while at the Restoration, for having been close to the despised Cromwell, while the poet John Dryden (Westminster and Cambridge) also lost his stipend under William of Orange, for having converted to Roman Catholicism. Now we move to prose and the diary writers, the most famous of whom is Samuel Pepys (1633-1703), whose description of the Fire of London in 1666, as well as life in the Seventeenth Century is realistic. But let us not forget John Evelyn, who wrote a much longer diary. Now we come to a quintessential English book, by Isaac Walton (1593-1683), The Compleat Angler, one of the best books about angling ever written. It is somehow about much more than angling, about the pleasures of leading a contemplative life, as can be seen from its alternative title. John Bunyan (1628-1688) was a very different kettle: the son of a tinker, he had a meagre schooling, and learnt to write thanks mainly to the Bible. Because he was a bit of a Christian fundamentalist (a Baptist) and preacher, he was imprisoned for twelve years at the Restoration. His most well-known work is The Pilgrim’s Progress, full of morality, but also humour. So we now leave the Seventeenth Century, and come to another of the giants of English literature, Jonathan Swift (1667-1745), born in Dublin of English parents, a man influenced by religion, politics and Ireland, and even women. He was a trained priest, spending much of his life in Ireland, ending up as a champion of freedom for Ireland. He was a superb political satirist, making the political pamphlet almost an art form. He is best known for Gulliver’s Travels, a scathing attack on political hypocrisy. Edmund Burke (1729-1797) is our next choice. He was an important political philosopher, and is considered to be the founder of English Conservatism. Although a supporter of Irish and American independence, he turned against the French Revolution, because of its excesses. His contemporary, Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) was a professional writer (he also married a rich widow) and a witty man, writing for example, that he who made a beast of himself got rid of the pain of being a man. Another very witty literary chap was Alexander Pope (1688-1744) who, as a Roman Catholic, was not allowed to vote or hold public office. His best known work is the poetic Essay on Man, a sensitively written moral tract on how Man should accept God’s mysterious ways. As regards Pope’s pithiness, consider this: ‘A little learning is a dang’rous thing; Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian Spring’. We can see from this, that like so many writers, he was influenced by ancient Greece. He also translated the Odyssey. Let us mention (I wish that we had more space) the group of poets known as the ‘Transition Poets’, such as James Thompson, Thomas Grey, William Collins and William Blake. They tended to concentrate on Nature and the metaphysical. As for the amazing Scotsman, Robert Burns, he is not easy to categorise, but certainly he was of a Romantic bent, and usually wrote his poetry with Scottish pronunciation. Several of his poems were used as lyrics for songs. Drama was popular: the Irishman Richard Sheridan (1751-1816), for example, wrote The Rivals, which includes a character by the name of Mrs.Malaprop, who had problems with finding the correct word. Thus today, ‘saying ‘alligator’ instead of ‘allegory’ (because one does not really know!) is a ‘malapropism’. The novel was now coming into being, the seeds having been sown by the likes of Bunyan and Swift. Daniel Defoe’s (1660-1731) Robinson Crusoe (based on a true story, as are many novels), about a castaway, is still very popular. He wrote various other, more fictional, novels, as well as various pamphlets. He was also a journalist. Another good novelist of the time was Henry Fielding (1710-1768), with his somewhat naughty and bawdy Tom Jones, about a young servant being wooed by his lady employer. It is nevertheless a good reflection of life at the time. The Industrial Revolution then began to make its social impact on the country. Factories were being built, coal mine mines dug, and people dragooned into working mechanically for hours on end, with a good deal of exploitation of women and children. The so-called ‘Protestant work ethic’ ran rampant. The Seven Years’ War had resulted in an enormous and expanding British Empire. For many, greed became the order of the day. It is now that the Romantics came to the fore. Romanticism probably has its origins in the Sturm und Drang movement, which was a reaction to the excesses of the Enlightenment, with its over-interpreted Classical forms, and the Age of Reason, which lacked wild and free spirituality in its scientific, rational pedantry. Some of the ideas behind the French Revolution helped. Most of the British Romantics traveled in Europe, and were clearly heavily influenced by Greek mythology. In Britain, it also manifested itself as a reaction to the greed of the Industrial Revolution. William Wordsworth (1770-1850) was surely one, but more conservative and controlled in nature than some of his homologues, such as Byron. He was a Cumbrian who loved nature, and a Cambridge man attracted by the ideas of the French Revolution, who was good enough in his day to become Poet Laureate. Consider this (if you feel like it): ‘She dwelt among the untrodden ways Beside the springs of Dove A maid who there were none to praise And very few to love. A violet by a mossy stone Half hidden from the eye! Fair as a star, when only one is shining in the sky. She lived unknown, and few could know When Lucy ceased to be; But she is in her grave, and, oh, The difference to me!’ William’s friend, Samuel Coleridge (1772-1834) was also rather good, and is best known for The Ancient Mariner. Here is an extract: ‘Day after day, day after day, We stuck, no breath nor motion; As idle as a painted ship Upon a painted ocean. Water, water everwhere, And all the boards did shrink; Water, water everywhere, Nor any drop to drink.’ Our next three Romantics all died young, and not exactly naturally, in their good time, the fate of many a fast liver. John Keats (1795-1821) had women problems, nevertheless qualifying as what one would think would be a down-to-earth ) apothecary-surgeon. Here are two lines from Ode to a Nightingale: ‘My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk.’ The poem is laden with references to Greek things. He is also well-known for Ode to a Grecian Urn. His father died when falling off a horse when Keats was eight, and his mother when he was fourteen. Percy Shelley (1792-1822), who supported freedom for the Irish, managed to struggle on until he was thirty, then drowning in a sailing accident in Italy. Like several Romantics, he left the – for them – intellectually stifling shores of England for Italy. He had various colourful relationships with women (one of whom drowned herself). Here are two of his lines: ‘ Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth!’ And so we come to Lord Byron (1788-1824), educated at Harrow and Cambridge. He was the epitomy of freedom, a scourge of the hypocritical part of the English Establishment, and was loved more in Europe than England. He found England too insular and was an embarrassment to bigots and the small-minded. Leading a very colourful life with women, he divorced, but managed to sire a daughter. Known for, inter alia, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, and Don Juan, some of his scintillating lines are: ‘I stood in Venice, on the Bridge of Sighs, A palace and a prison on each hand: I saw from out the wave her structures rise As from the stroke of the enchanter’s wand: A thousand years their cloudy wings expand Around me, and a dying glory smiles.’ Apart from infuriating the English Establishment with an attack on the barbaric removal of the ‘Elgin Marbles’ from the Parthenon (see The Curse of Minerva), he died of a violent fever fighting for Greek independence. It was not until 1969 that his remains were buried in Poets’ Corner of Westminster, an example of considerable pettiness on the part of the tawdry part of the Establishment. You may by now have noticed that no females have been mentioned. This is because women do not appear to have been that hot at writing, for many socio-economic reasons. Mind you, let us not forget the inimitable Sappho! Jane Austin (1775-1817) is surely one of the greatest English writers, with her Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility, Emma, Mansfield Park, and Persuasion. Her expertise was in handling rough and passionate topics, usually about relationships between men and women in the higher classes, with tact and delicacy. I think that she managed to combine precision with lightness, a rare gift. Pride and Prejudice begins: ‘It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, the truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some or other of their daughters.’ The Bronte sisters, Charlotte (1816-1855), Emily (1818-1848 and Anne (1820-1849) were influenced by Byron, and managed to slightly shock the Establishment, with their passionate descriptive writing about, inter alia, love affairs. Charlotte is best known for Jane Eyre, Emily for Wuthering Heights, and Anne for Agnes Grey. They were veritable pace-setters, since there are today a number of female writers who concentrate on stories of romances, albeit not at the same high literary level as the three sisters. Moving well into the Victorian Age, we come to (Lord) Alfred Tennyson, famous for his epic The Charge of the Light Brigade, a depiction of a bad military decision in the Crimean war. Here is an extract: ‘Cannon to right of them, Cannon to left of them, Cannon in front of them Volleyed and thundered; Stormed at with shot and shell, Into the jaws of death, Into the mouth of hell Rode the six hundred.’ We begin to end this overview with a monument, Charles Dickens (1812-1870), an amazing fellow, who even spent some time when a boy in the workhouse, while his father was in debtors’ gaol. The experience left a lasting impression, and he was most critical of the affects of the Industrial Revolution. Like many writers of the day, his novels were often serialized in cheap magazines, which meant a wide readership. He was an expert in description, especially of people. George Orwell was to write that he seemed to have succeeded in attacking everybody and antagonizing nobody. It could be that his sometimes humorous approach helped. He did however irritate the Americans with his American Notes and Martin Chuzzlewit, by mentioning their lawlessness and rapacity. He was a prolific writer: who has not heard of Oliver Twist, Great Expectations, David Copperfield and A Tale of Two Cities? Consider this extract, from Hard Times: ‘It was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood, it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever, and never got uncoiled.’ Penultimately, we have Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936), of Jungle Book fame. It is he who spoke of ‘the White Man’s burden’ (meaning black and maybe brown people), thus attracting accusations of racism many years later. But that’s the way it was in those days when Britain was on top of the world, and when various rational types, such as Buffon and Darwin, had rather strongly suggested that black chaps were inferior to white ones. I am unsure as to their views on whether the same applied to women. We end with the ‘Pre-Raphaelites’, a group of writers led by the Anglicised Italian Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-1882), influenced by early Sixteenth Century Italian painting and literature.   That, students, is the end of our brief glimpse at the history of English Literature. Clearly, knowing about developments in Britain throughout the period with which we have dealt will help you to see the relationship between political, religious, social and cultural life. My Britain: Country and Culture courses should help there. One thing to remember is that the vast majority of writers read other writers, and that in a sense they are often influenced, perhaps without realising it. Beware of over-categorisation: if we escape from it, we may spot traces of romanticism far earlier than the main movement began: ‘I walked along a stream for pureness rare’, wrote Marlowe, while Donne wrote: ‘A teardrop that encompasses and drowns the world’. Typical questions from my past examination papers have been: ‘ â€Å"English Literature of the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries cannot be understood except in the light of Greek mythology.† Explain this contention.’ ‘What, in your view, were the chief characteristics of the Romantics, and why did they have such characteristics?’ ‘What do you think influenced Jonathan Swifts work?’ ‘Was Lord Byron the same kind of Romantic as Wordsworth?’ It goes without saying, almost, that merely learning the above few pages, parrot-fashion, will not be sufficient to pass the examination: they represent only a skeletal outline. I shall immediately see through any examination paper that appears to rely only on this brief guide. Most marks will be awarded for evidence of originality and thinking, as well as of knowledge. Have fun!

Networking and Telecommunications :: Technology, Network-on-chips

As technology scales, Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) are becoming increasingly complex and heterogeneous. One of the most important key issues that characterize such SoCs is the seamless mixing of numerous Intellectual Property (IP) cores performing different functions and operating at different clock frequencies. In just the last few years, Network-on-Chip (NoC) has emerged as a leading paradigm for the synthesis of multi-core SoCs [1]. The routing algorithm used in the interconnection communication NoC is the most crucial aspect that distinguishes various proposed NoC architectures [2], [3]. However, the use of VCs introduces some overhead in terms of both additional resources and mechanisms for their management [4]. Each IP core has two segments to operate in communication and computation modes separately [5]. On-chip packet switched interconnection architectures, called as NoCs, have been proposed as a solution for the communication challenges in these networks [6]. NoCs relate closely to interconnection networks for high-performance parallel computers with multiple processors, in which each processor is an individual chip. A NoC is a group of routers and switches that are connected to each other on a point to point short link to provide a communication backbone of the IP cores of a SoC. The most common template that proposed for the communication of NoC is a 2-D mesh network topology where each resource is connected with a router [7]. In these networks, source nodes (an IP-Core), generate packets that include headers as well as data, then routers transfer them through connected links to destination nodes [8]. The wormhole (WH) switching technique proposed by Dally and Seitz [9] has been widely used in the interconnections such as [10], [11]. In the WH technique, a packet is divided into a series of fixed-size parts of data, called flits. Wormhole routing requires the least buffering (flits instead of packets) and allows low-latency communication. To avoid deadlocks among messages, multiple virtual channels (VC) are simulated on each physical link [12]. Each unidirectional virtual channel is realized by an independently managed pair of message buffers [13]. This paper presents a new routing algorithm for irregular mesh networks by base that enhances a previously proposed technique. The primary distinction between the previous method and the method presented in this paper is passing messages from ONs in the network. Simulation results show that utilization of network by e-xy and OAPR algorithm is worse than the improved one, i-xy. We have been simulated every three algorithms for 5% and 10% of oversized nodes with uniform and hotspot traffic.

Familiar Writing Style

Speech without circumlocution sometimes can hurt others' heart. – tact: n. The ability to do or say things without offending or upsetting other people Ex) SAT evaluates students' tact to understand a college level education. 6. Appeal to authority: citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker or writers arguments.Causal relationship: of, involving, or constituting a cause in a relationship; cause and effect relationships Declamation: a rhetorical exercise or set speech. Capricious: given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior. Conciliatory: intended or likely to placate or pacify. Contemplative: expressing or involving prolonged thought. Glib: (of words or the person speaking them) fluent and voluble but insincere and shallow. Linguistic: the scientific study of language and its structure, including the duty of morphology, syntax, phonetics, and semantics.Pretentious: attempt ing to impress by affecting greater importance, talent, culture, etc. , than is actually possessed. Strident: loud and harsh; grating. 7. L. The author put an anecdote about general misconceptions of familiar writing style on line 1-3. By criticizing the ideas which are opposite to his statement, his thesis can gain more power. This skill is the reduction to absurdity. II. The author used an antithesis on line 7-10. The author emphasized his idea through contrasting his idea with wrong conception.

The Origin Of Christianity Mystery Cults - 941 Words

The origin of Christianity begins with mystery cults. These mystery cults were secret rituals where you have to be initiated into the group in order to be a part of the group. These cults believe in the concept of the Afterlife or paradise. In order for an individual to reach the Afterlife, you would have to reach Judgment. There are also intercessors that try to help you reach paradise however most intercessors appeal to the disenfranchised, which means that you do not have a vote. The cult of Isis was mostly lead by females. This cult was able to spread but it slowly disappeared after the Virgin Mary is claimed to be the mother of God. The Cult of Mithra was a male only cult and it was very popular with the military. Many Christians believe in the Messianic Theory. The Messianic Theory is the idea that the coming of the Messiah. Around 1000 BCE, Zarathustra founded Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrianism is based on a monotheist religion. When Zarathustra died, he left behind a holy text wh ich is known as the Avesta. The holy text states that Ahura Mazda is the figure of good and he is fighting against Ahriman which is the figure of evil. The people were created by Ahura Mazda to have Free Will meaning the people can chose to follow either Ahura Mazda or Ahriman. If an individual die they would have to walk across the Bridge of Chinvat in order to enter into paradise. If an individual followed Ahriman during their lifetime, the bridge would become narrower as they walk across.Show MoreRelated Mithraism Essay2793 Words   |  12 PagesRoman mystery cult of the god Mithras. Roman worship of Mithras began sometime during the early Roman empire, perhaps during the late first century of the Common Era (hereafter CE), and flourished from the second through the fourth centuries CE. While it is fairly certain that Romans encountered worship of the deity Mithras as part of Zoroastrianism in the eastern provinces of the empire, particularly in Asia Minor (now modern Turkey), t he exact origins of cult practices in the Roman cult of MithrasRead MoreThe Virginia Museum Of Fine Arts970 Words   |  4 Pageshis cult followers known as maenads. Widespread mythological scenes of Dionysian themes were related to Byzantine interest in Hellenistic traditions. Dionysus art were connected to the long established mystery cult. One could only speculate that the once owner of the curtain was possibly a member of the popular mystery religion of Dionysus, if not an admirer patron (or patroness) of art. Due to the secrecy regarding initiation rites and oral traditions, little is known regarding such mystery religionsRead MoreReligon in Pompeii and Herculaneum1142 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Villa Of Mysteries, this is a confirmation of Greek influence on Roman religion. Other foreign cults in Pompeii are under scrutiny such as the Temple of Isis, when did the people of Pompeii become exposed to this Egyptian based cult? The cult of Isis was one of the most successful and influential foreign based cults in the Campania region, there is a wealth of evidence of this cult with over twenty Lalaria with images of Isis and statuettes, there is much less evidence of The cult of Isis’s presenceRead MoreReligious vs. Spiritual Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesIslam. However God, Trinity, Christ, Spirit, the idea of creation, paschal mystery, and sacraments among other ideologies specific to Christianity is what sets it apart from other spiritualties. Schneiders’ definition of religion proclaims that there are various levels to religion, starting with the most fundamental notion that there is one source for all of creation. Then, it moves to a spiritual tradition such as Christianity or Buddhism, and finally the term can represent a religion or in stitutionalizedRead MoreThe Lost but Found Sheep1464 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity. This word brings a lot of mixed thoughts in one’s head especially for those people who do not understand the concept of this religion, such as the people of Rome in early times. â€Å" †¦ And by a distinction between the seasons which is due to God’s arrangement, set aside some for festivals, others for times of sorrow- merely to suit their own inclinations! Who can consider this a proof of religion, and not, rather, of lack of understanding?† (The Epistle to Diognetus) Christianity was seenRead MoreGreek Religion Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesGreek Religion The ancient Greeks with their brilliant and imaginative spirit created a complete order of things that functioned harmoniously in the infinite world that contained them. Although its exact origins are lost in time, Greek religion is thought to date from about the 2d millenium B.C., when the culture of Aryan invaders fused with those of the Aegean and Minoan peoples who had inhabited the region of Greece from Neolithic times [1]. The beginning and the genesis of this world occupiedRead MoreEssay New Religious Movements and the Biased Media3935 Words   |  16 Pagessimplified answers that are provided by the media coverage of Jonestown and Heaven’s Gate perhaps contributed to their downfall. The feeling of public persecution is a central theme of many new religious movements, and the negative publicity of suicide cults only fuels the fear of other like-minded religious groups. The misleading definitions the media provided for the how, what and why of these new religious mov ements were symptomatic of the media bias against all such movements. Through examinationRead MoreThe Cult Of Mithras And The Roman Empire2310 Words   |  10 PagesWe may think that that cult origin by the fact that was taken from relevant scholars, but the early development has remained consistently disputed. The Cult of Mithras began in the first century and it was invented by the Roman Empire. When we think about the first century AD, Christianity is almost very invisible during this time. The cult of Mithras’ development is mysterious. This religion is invented by the Italians. Mithras provides members with sense of salvation if they proceed through theRead MoreNature Of The Soul : Before Birth And After Death1770 Words   |  8 Pagessoul originated in the first place. The mythical origins of the soul cannot be fully explained without knowledge of mythical cosmogony. According to the theory of Hesiod’s creation myth, in the beginning nothing but chaos and emptiness existed in the universe. Following chaos came Gaia (Earth) and Eros (love). Gaia and Eros were also believed to be Titans. In fact, they were the parents of Cronos and the second generation of Titans. The origins of Gaia and Eros are not specified. Despite this, GaiaRead More The Pagan Origins of Christianity Essay4088 Words   |  17 PagesThe first part of this paper will explore the mystery-religions, the reasons behind their popularity, and the Hellenistic world in which they grew that began with Alexander the Great. Next, their characteristics and connections first with Judaism and later with Christianity will be more deeply discussed. In the second part it will be shown that the mystery-religions helped to clear the pathway for the Christianization of the Greco-Roman world by men such as Paul the Apostle. Finally, the Emperor